ASTM A595/A595M-2006 建筑用锥形、高强度低合金或低碳钢管的标准规范
时间:2024-05-10 08:23:15 来源: 标准资料网 作者：标准资料网 阅读：8723
【英文标准名称】:StandardSpecificationforSteelTubes,Low-CarbonorHigh-StrengthLow-Alloy,TaperedforStructuralUse
【原文标准名称】:建筑用锥形、高强度低合金或低碳钢管的标准规范
【标准号】:ASTMA595/A595M-2006
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2006
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:A01.09
【标准类型】:(Specification)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:carbonsteeltube;steeltube
【摘要】:1.1Thisspecificationcoversthreegradesofseam-welded,round,taperedsteeltubesforstructuraluse.GradesAandBareoflow-carbonsteelorhigh-strengthlow-alloysteelcompositionandGradeCisofweather-resistantsteelcomposition.1.2Thistubingisproducedinweldedsizesinarangeofdiametersfrom23/8to30in.[60to762mm]inclusive.Wallthicknessesrangefrom0.1046to0.375in.[2.66to9.53mm].Tapersaresubjecttoagreementwiththemanufacturer.1.3ThevaluesstatedineitherSIunitsorinch-poundunitsaretoberegardedseparatelyasstandard.Thevaluesstatedineachsystemmaynotbeexactequivalents;therefore,eachsystemshallbeusedindepedentlyoftheother.Combiningvaluesfromthetwosystemsmayresultinnon-conformancewiththestandard.
【中国标准分类号】:H48
【国际标准分类号】:77_140_75
【页数】:5P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语
【英文标准名称】:StandardGuideforAssessingMicrostructureofPolymericScaffoldsforUseinTissueEngineeredMedicalProducts
【原文标准名称】:组织工程医用产品用聚合物工作台的微观结构的评估的标准指南
【标准号】:ASTMF2450-2010
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2010
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:F04.42
【标准类型】:(Guide)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:microstructure;poresize;porevolume;porosity;porousmaterials;tissuescaffolds;Polymericscaffolds;Tissueengineeredmedicalproducts(TEMPs)
【摘要】:Theabilitytoculturefunctionaltissuetorepairdamagedordiseasedtissueswithinthebodyoffersaviablealternativetoxenograftsorheterografts.Usingthepatientx2019;sowncellstoproducethenewtissueofferssignificantbenefitsbylimitingrejectionbytheimmunesystem.Typically,cellsharvestedfromtheintendedrecipientareculturedinvitrousingatemporaryhousingorscaffold.Themicrostructureofthescaffold,thatis,itsporosity,themeansize,andsizedistributionofporesandtheirinterconnectivityiscriticalforcellmigration,growthandproliferation(AppendixX1).Optimizingthedesignoftissuescaffoldsisacomplextask,giventherangeofavailablematerials,differentmanufacturingroutes,andprocessingconditions.Allofthesefactorscan,andwill,affectthesurfacetexture,surfacechemistry,andmicrostructureoftheresultantscaffolds.Factorsthatmayormaynotbesignificantvariablesdependonthecharacteristicsofagivencelltypeatanygiventime(thatis,changesincellbehaviorduetothenumberofpassages,mechanicalstimulation,andcultureconditions).Tissuescaffoldsaretypicallyassessedusinganoverallvalueforscaffoldporosityandarangeofporesizes,thoughthedistributionofsizesisrarelyquantified.Publishedmeanporesizesanddistributionsareusuallyobtainedfromelectronmicroscopyimagesandquotedinthemicrometerrange.Tissuescaffoldsaregenerallycomplexstructuresthatarenoteasilyinterpretedintermsofporeshapeandsize,especiallyinthreedimensions.Therefore,itisdifficulttoquantifiablyassessthebatch-to-batchvarianceinmicrostructureortomakeasystematicinvestigationoftherolethatthemeanporesizeandporesizedistributionhasoninfluencingcellbehaviorbasedsolelyonelectronmicrographs(Tomlinsetal,(1)).Fig.1givesanindicationofpotentialtechniquesthatcanbeusedtocharacterizethestructureofporoustissuescaffoldsandthelengthscalethattheycanmeasure.Clearlyarangeoftechniquesmustbeutilizedifthescaffoldistobecharacterizedindetail.Theclassificationandterminologyofporesizes,suchasthosegiveninTable2,hasyettobestandardized,withdefinitionsoftermsvaryingwidely(asmuchasthreeordersofmagnitude)betweendifferingapplicationsandindustries.BothTable2andthesupportingdetaileddiscussionincludedwithinAppendixX2describedifferencesthatexistbetweenIUPAC(InternationalUnionofPureandAppliedChemistry)definitionsandthecommonterminologycurrentlyutilizedwithinmostlifescienceapplications,whichincludebothimplantandtissueengineeringapplications.Sincetheliteraturecontainsmanyothertermsfordefiningpores(Perretetal(3)),itisrecommendedthatthetermsusedbyauthorstodescribeporesbedefinedinordertoavoidpotentialconfusion.Additionally,sinceanyofthedefinitionsinTable2canshift,dependendingontheporesizedeterminationmethod(seeTable1andFig.1),anaccompanyingstatementdescribingtheutilizedassessmenttechniqueisessential.AllthetechniqueslistedinTable1havelimitationsforassessingcomplexporousstructures.Fig.2aandFig.2bshowathrough-andablind-endporerespectively.Porometrymeasurements(see7.4)areonlysensitivetothenarrowestpointalongavariablediameterthrough-poreandthereforecangivealowermeasureoftheporediameterthanotherinvestigativetechniques,suchasscanningelectronmicroscope(SEM),whichmaysampleatadifferentpointalongthepore.Thephysicalbasisofporometrydependsonthepassageofgasthroughthematerial.Therefore,thetechniqueisnotsensitivetoblind-endorclosedpore.......
【中国标准分类号】:G45
【国际标准分类号】:11_100
【页数】:10P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语
【英文标准名称】:Lightingcolumns-Requirementsforfibrereinforcedpolymercompositelightingcolumns
【原文标准名称】:灯柱.纤维增强聚酯复合灯柱的要求
【标准号】:BSEN40-7-2003
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:英国
【发布日期】:2003-04-29
【实施或试行日期】:2003-04-29
【发布单位】:英国标准学会(BSI)
【起草单位】:BSI
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:
【摘要】:
【中国标准分类号】:K72
【国际标准分类号】:83_120;93_080_40
【页数】:26P;A4
【正文语种】:英语